Hammertoe is a common foot problem where one or more toes bend abnormally at the joints, giving the toes a hooked or hammered appearance. This can cause both pain and discomfort, especially when walking or standing for long periods. The condition can affect one or more toes and leads to chafing, swelling and calluses on the tops of the toes. Here we look at the most common symptoms, possible causes, and effective remedies and treatments.
Symptoms of Hammertoe
The most common symptoms of hammertoe are:
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The toes curl at the joints, giving them a crooked appearance. This can affect one or more toes, but most often it is the second toe that is affected.
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Pain and tenderness in the toes, especially with weight bearing. It may be difficult to walk or stand for long periods.
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calluses or corns on your toes, which form due to pressure from your shoes, especially if you wear tight or narrow shoes
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Swelling on the top of the toes or on the joint where the bending occurs.
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Chafing and irritation from the shoes squeezing your toes.
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Strain pain under the front pad that worsens with walking or standing activities.
Causes of Hammertoe
Hammertoe can be caused by several factors:
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Tight or ill-fitting shoes: Shoes that are too narrow or have high heels can force the toes into a bent position and worsen the condition.
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Inheritance and genetic factors: Hammertoe can be hereditary and tends to develop if there is a family history of foot problems.
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Foot problems such as hallux valgus (crooked big toe): Hallux valgus can affect the structure of the foot and increase the risk of hammertoe.
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Nerve impairment: People with diabetes or rheumatism may be more likely to develop hammertoe, as these conditions can affect nerve function and blood circulation in the feet.
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Overuse: Prolonged strain on the foot, especially during activities that involve a lot of walking or standing, can worsen the condition.
Treatment and Remedies for Hammertoe
1. Shoe inserts and pads
Shoe inserts and pads are very useful aids to relieve pain and discomfort from hammertoe. An anterior pad is placed under the foot, just behind the ball of the foot, to support the anterior arch and reduce pressure on the toes. Toe pads can also be used to reduce chafing and pressure on the toes.
2. Emollient Treatment and Foot Care
To treat calluses or corns that appear on the toes, an emollient foot cream or foot bath can help provide relief. In some cases, you can gently file away calluses, but be careful not to damage the skin.
3. Self-made treatment and exercises
To improve mobility and reduce pain, some exercises can be helpful. Toe stretching and strength training of the feet can help correct the position of the toes and reduce stress on the joints.
4. Pain relief and swelling management
Ice packs or cold compresses on the toes can reduce swelling and relieve pain. Keeping the foot elevated can also be effective in reducing swelling.
Preventive measures
To prevent hammertoe or prevent the condition from getting worse, follow this advice:
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Choose the right shoes: Shoes should be roomy and provide good support for both toes and arch. Choose shoes with a wide toe box and avoid high heels.
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Use toe protectors or pads: Use aids such as toe protectors, shoe inserts or front pads to reduce pressure on the toes and improve foot function.
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Avoid prolonged strain: Give your feet adequate rest after prolonged standing or walking to prevent injury and wear and tear.
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Care for calluses and corns: Use foot care products to keep the skin soft and free of calluses that can cause chafing and discomfort.
When should you seek medical attention?
If the pain and discomfort from hammertoes is not relieved by self-care or if the condition becomes more severe, you should seek medical attention. A physiotherapist or podiatrist can advise on the right treatment and aids. In some cases, if the condition does not improve or if the pain becomes too severe, surgery may be required.
Hammertoe is a condition where one or more toes bend abnormally, causing pain, swelling and calluses. It can be caused by tight shoes, genetic factors, or nerve damage from conditions such as diabetes. Treatments include the use of shoe inserts, pads, toe caps and, if necessary, surgery. Choosing the right footwear, using assistive devices and performing exercises can help relieve symptoms and improve foot function.
